Geotextiles play a crucial role in geotechnical engineering due to their unique properties. These permeable fabrics augment soil performance by separating, reinforcing, draining, or filtering various construction materials. Applications include erosion control, ground stabilization, drainage systems, and reinforcement of embankments and foundations

As environmental issues increase, innovative approaches for waste elimination are becoming increasingly important. Among these innovative solutions, geobags stand out as a environmentally responsible option for managing waste materials. These flexible bags, typically fabricated from upcycled materials like polypropylene, offer a budget-friendly and